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@#Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), a label-free molecular imaging technique, has been applied widely in the spatial localization of small molecule metabolites, lipids, peptides, and proteins, with its unique advantage of high spatial resolving power compared to traditional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).With the nonstop advancement of its achievable sensitivity and spatial resolution, MSI technique has been providing novel perspectives into the preclinical studies of drugs, such as in vivo localization of drugs and their metabolites, visualization of drug metabolism, and drug delivery tracking.This review introduces the basics of MSI techniques, including basic principles, key features, technical advantages, and limitations, with particular highlight of the recent applications of MSI in drug efficacy and safety evaluation, drug distribution research, drug delivery research, and analysis of Chinese medicine from recent publications, aiming to promote the utilization and further expansion of MSI in the research and development of drugs.
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Multi-campus operation is an important and effective means for high-quality development of public hospitals and balanced layout of high-quality medical resources. By way of literature review, the study identified problems encountered in the construction of multi-campus hospitals in China, with a tertiary general hospital cited as a case example. The authors introduced its multi-campus development practice from such aspects as campus discipline layout, homogeneous operation, performance assessment, management mode and cultural construction, along with suggestions for such practice in China.
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Objective:To investigate the imaging features of pancreatic hypervascular tumors in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 53 patients with pancreatic hypervascular tumors who were admitted to two medical centers, including 32 cases in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University and 21 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, from March 2007 to February 2021 were collected. There were 21 males and 32 females, aged (48±23)years. Of the 53 patients, there were 19 cases with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), 9 cases with pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), 8 cases with solid pseudopapillary tumors of pancreas (SPTP), 7 cases with intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS), 6 cases with serous cystadenoma of pancreas (SCP) and 4 cases with aneurysms. All the 53 patients underwent CT and MRI. Observation indicators: (1) imaging feature of PNET; (2) imaging feature of PRCC; (3) imaging feature of SPTP; (4) imaging feature of IPAS; (5) imaging feature of SCP; (6) imaging feature of aneurysms. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Imaging feature of PNET: of the 19 cases with PNET, there were 1 case with Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD), 8 cases with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and 10 cases with neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Of the 19 cases, 16 cases had single tumor and 3 cases had 2 tumors, 9 cases had tumor located at head of pancreas and 10 cases had tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 19 cases were mostly round or elliptical, with some shallow lobes and clear boundary. There were 4 cases with cluster-like calcifications in the center of tumors and 15 cases with no cluster-like calcification in the center of tumors. The tumor diameter of 19 cases was (26.7±10.3)mm. Of the 19 cases, 1 case underwent pancreatic atrophy and segmental expansion of the main pancreatic duct and 18 cases underwent no pancreatic atrophy or segmental expansion of the main pancreatic duct, 2 cases underwent dilated bile ducts and 17 cases underwent no dilated bile ducts. The enhance-ment mode of imaging examination of PNET was wash in and wash out. (2) Imaging feature of PRCC: Of the 9 cases with PRCC, 2 cases had single tumor and 7 cases had multiple tumors. Of the 2 cases with single tumor, 1 case had tumor located at neck of pancreas and 1 case had tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. All the 7 cases with multiple tumors had tumor located at head, neck, body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 9 cases were round or quasi-circular, with clear boundary. The tumor diameter were (18.0±5.0)mm of the 2 cases with single tumor and 2.0-50.0 mm of the 7 cases with multiple tumors, respectively. Of the 9 cases, 2 cases underwent pancreatic ducts dilatation and 7 cases underwent no pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of PRCC was wash in and wash out. (3) Imaging feature of SPTP: all 8 cases with SPTP had single tumor, including 4 cases with tumor located at head of pancreas and 4 cases with tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 8 cases were lobulated with clear boundary. Of the 8 cases, there were 2 cases with no calcifications of tumors and 6 cases with calcification of tumors, 2 cases with no cystic necrosis of tumors and 6 cases with cystic necrosis of tumors, 3 cases with no bleeding in the tumors and 5 cases with bleeding in the tumors. The tumor diameter of 8 cases was (51.6±11.8)mm. All the 8 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation, but the adjacent organs were compressed and moved. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SPTP was asymptotic enhancement. (4) Imaging feature of IPAS: all the 7 cases with IPAS had single tumor located at tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 7 cases were round or quasi-circular shape with clear boundary. Of the 7 cases, 1 case with solid-cystic and uneven density tumor was epidermoid cyst in the accessory spleen of the tail of the pancreas, and 6 cases had solid and uniform density tumors. The tumor diameter of 7 cases was (25.5±8.5)mm. All the 7 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation and the surrounding structures of pancreatic ducts were clear. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of IPAS was asymptotic enhancement. (5) Imaging feature of SCP: all 6 cases with SCP had single tumor, including 1 case with tumor located at neck of pancreas and 5 cases with tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 6 cases were round or quasi-circular, with clear boundary. Of the 6 cases, 2 cases had cystic tumors and 4 cases had solid tumors. The tumor diameter of 6 cases was (35.5±15.4)mm. Of the 6 cases, 2 cases were positive for pancreatic ducts dilatation and 4 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SCP was wash in and wash out. (6) Imaging feature of aneurysms: all the 4 cases with aneurysms had single tumor, including 1 case with tumor located at body of pancreas and 3 cases with tumor located at tail of pancreas. One case with tumor located at body of pancreas was superior duodenal aneurysm and 3 cases with tumor located at tail of pancreas were splenic aneurysms. Morphology of tumors in the 4 cases were round, with clear boundary. Of the 4 cases, 1 case was negative for tumor marginal calcification and 3 cases were positive for tumor marginal calcification. The tumor diameter of 4 cases was (11.3±2.5)mm. All the 4 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhance-ment mode of imaging examination of aneurysms was wash in and wash out.Conclusions:The imaging features of pancreatic hypervascular tumors in CT and MRI examinations show diversity. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of PNET, PRCC, SCP and aneurysms is wash in and wash out. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SPTP and IPAS is asymptotic enhancement.
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Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death, and recently described as a new molecular mechanism of chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of tumors. Miltirone, a derivative of phenanthrene-quinone isolated from the root of Bunge, has been shown to possess anti-cancer activities. Here, we found that miltirone inhibited the cell viability of either HepG2 or Hepa1-6 cells, and induced the proteolytic cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME) in each hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, with concomitant cleavage of caspase 3. Knocking out switched miltirone-induced cell death from pyroptosis to apoptosis. Additionally, the induction effects of miltirone on GSDME-dependent pyroptosis were attenuated by siRNA-mediated caspase three silencing and the specific caspase three inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK, respectively. Miltirone effectively elicited intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppressed phosphorylation of mitogen-activated and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) for pyroptosis induction. Moreover, miltirone significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced pyroptosis in the Hepa1-6 mouse HCC syngeneic model. These results provide a new insight that miltirone is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC GSDME-dependent pyroptosis.
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OBJECTIVE：To explore the mechanism of Hippophae rhamnoides in the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）， and to provide theoretic reference for further exploring the material basis. METHODS ：TCMSP，Uniprot，GeneCards database were used to screen the active components of H. rhamnoides ，targets and AD-related target gene. The “ingredients-targets-related diseases”network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. STRING database was adopted to construct protein interaction （PPI）network，molecular docking was conducted between the potential targets with high degree values and active components of H. rhamnoides . The gene ontology （GO）analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG）pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Clue GO for the potential target of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD. Totally 50 mice were randomly divided into blank group ，model group [ D-galactose 120 mg/（kg·d），AlCl3 solution 20 mg/（mL·d）]，positive drug group [oxiracetam 260 mg/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn oil extract group [ 1.6 g/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn polyphenols group [1.6 g/（kg·d）]，with 10 mice in each group. The mice was given relevant medicine intragastrically and modeling agent ；blank group was given constant volume of distilled water intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 60 d. The learning and memory abilities were detected by Morris water maze test ；the levels of immune factors in hippocampus tissue were measured by ELISA. Pathological morphology of hippocampus tissue was observed by HE staining. The mechanism of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD was validated preliminarily. RESULTS ：Totally 22 active components of H. rhamnoides （quercetin，kaempferol，isorhamnetin， β-carotene，β-sitosterol） may affect biological processes such as nuclear receptor activity ，lipopolysaccharide-mediated signal pathway，and may affect 114 methabolism pathways such as IL- 17 signal transduction pathway ，TNF signal transduction pathway by regulating 147 targets such as serine/threonine kinase coding protein （AKT1），amino terminal kinase （JUN）and mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK1）. The results of molecular docking showed that binding scores of the main active components of H. rhamnoides and the main target proteins were all above 4.25，which showed good binding activity. Results of pharmacology experiment showed that H. rhamnoides extract could shorten the escape latency of AD model mice ，increased the times of crossing platform，relieved hippocampus injury of cerebral tissue ，and decreased the contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6 and IL- 17 in hippocampus of cerebral tissue. CONCLUSIONS ：The active components of H. rhamnoides can regulate multiple targets in the important pathway of AD ；animal experiments preliminarily verify that H. rhamnoides can relieve the hippocampus injury and improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.
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Objective:Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ovary is a kind of ovarian cancer with a very low incidence.Its clinical manifestations are not obvious.The diagnosis should be based on the pathology and neuroendocrine indicators, and its primary nature should be determined.The main treatment is operation combined with platinum based chemotherapy.The survival period is related to clinical stage and treatment plan.The patient was hospitalized for 2 days because of the aggravation of abdominal distention and pain for half a year.The diagnosis of adnexal mass was confirmed by pathology.After three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (etoposide+ cisplatin), the patients underwent abdominal " total hysterectomy+ greater omentum resection+ appendectomy+ right pelvic wall peritoneal biopsy+ mesenteric biopsy" . After the operation, the patients received three cycles of EP chemotherapy, and they have been followed up for 15 months.
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Objective@#Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ovary is a kind of ovarian cancer with a very low incidence.Its clinical manifestations are not obvious.The diagnosis should be based on the pathology and neuroendocrine indicators, and its primary nature should be determined.The main treatment is operation combined with platinum based chemotherapy.The survival period is related to clinical stage and treatment plan.The patient was hospitalized for 2 days because of the aggravation of abdominal distention and pain for half a year.The diagnosis of adnexal mass was confirmed by pathology.After three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (etoposide+ cisplatin), the patients underwent abdominal " total hysterectomy+ greater omentum resection+ appendectomy+ right pelvic wall peritoneal biopsy+ mesenteric biopsy" . After the operation, the patients received three cycles of EP chemotherapy, and they have been followed up for 15 months.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition support in inoperable advanced gastric cancer patients during chemotherapy.Methods:This was a prospective randomized study.A total of 62 patients with advanced gastric cancer were firsted evaluated according to the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) scale,and were randomly divided into two groups.All patients received oxaliplatin combined with tegefur gimeracil oteraci.Patients in the control group (n =30) received chemotherapy along with nutrition consultation,and patients in the treatment group (n =32) were provided enteral nutrition-additionally.NRS 2002 assessment was conducted before and after chemotherapy,The body weight,BMI,serum albumin,and the efficacy and toxicity were collected during the study.Results:Patients in the treatment group had significantly higher serum albumin levels,body weight and BMI than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).No differences were found as for the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy between two groups.Conclusion:Enteral nutrition support therapy can improve the nutrition status of gastric cancer patients who received chemotherapy and reduce the risk of malnutrition.
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Objective To investigate the effects of physical and chemical factors in the environment for dried blood sample (DBS) preparation of neonatal screening assay.Methods A total of 60 normal and 120 positive DBS were prepared under control and 10 different conditions.Another 30 normal and 80 positive DBS were prepared under control and 7 different concentration gradients of formaldehyde.The levels of phenylalanine (Phe),glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenease (G6PD),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and 17α-hydoxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) were tested by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay or fluorescence assay.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software.Results Compared with the control group,the results of Phe were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05) when the samples were dried under the formaldehyde sensitive threshold (4.62 to 6.95 ppm for 18 hours).G6PD levels were significantly lowered when the samples were dried under all the conditions except for fast cold drying (2 to 8 ℃ overnight and formaldehyde condition,0.30 to 0.38 ppm for 4 hours or 0.21 to 0.24 ppm for 18 hours).TSH and 17α-OHP levels were lowered obviously when the samples were dried under the conditions of humidity,UV and formaldehyde condition (TSH:0.32 to 0.52 ppm for 4 hours,0.38 to 0.45 ppm for 18 hours,17α-OHP:4.37 to 4.62 ppm for 4 hours,0.38 to 0.45 ppm for 18 hours).The results of Phe,G6PD,TSH and 17α-OHP were not statistically different with the control group when the samples were dried under the fast cold drying and 2 to 8 ℃ overnight.Conclusion The physical and chemical factors in the environment of DBS preparation should be related to the accuracy of neonatal disease screening closely.The necessary control factors including formaldehyde,ethanol,glacial acetic acid,ultraviolet irradiation,heat,humidity and decoration pollution may exhibit significant effects on the preparation of DBS.Fast cold drying and overnight at 2 to 8 ℃ could be available for DBS preparation.
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Background Amblyopia is a developmental disorder of spatial vision that results in both monocular and binocular deficits.Conventional therapy for amblyopia which focuses on monocular training can improve visual acuity.However,how to improve the binocular function,especially stereopsis is rarely studied.Objective This study was to evaluate the outcome of perceptual learning based on cloud services of improving stcreopsis and visual acuity for amblyopia.Methods A randomized-controlled clinical study was performed.One hundred and seven amblyopic patients (178 eyes) with the age of 5-18 years old were recruited in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from July 2013 to March 2014.The patients were randomized into the perceptual learning group and the conventional therapy group.A perceptual learning based on cloud services with computer under the best corrected visual acuity was carried out in the perceptual learning group with 30-day duration as a course for 5-6 cycles,and training feedback data was obtained after each cycle for the regulation of following treatment.The dominant eye was covered during the training process.In the conventional therapy group,a training regimen of health eye covering that combined with eyesight training of amblyopic eye was performed.The stereopsis and visual acuity of the patients were estimated after training.Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or custodians of the children before entering the cohort.Results The total effective rate of visual acuity improvement is significantly higher in the perceptual learning group than that in the conventional therapy group after training (Z =6.368,P=0.012).The mean stereopsis value of the amblyopic eyes in the perceptual learning group and the conventional therapy group was (127±53) and (174±67) after training,which was significantly higher than (273 ±95) and (311 ±103) before training,respectively,and the increasing range of the mean stereopsis was considerably larger in the perceptual learning group than that in the conventional therapy group(t=12.329,9.557,15.649;all at P＜0.05).In the perceptual learning group,the improving range of mean stereopsis was larger in the severe or moderate amblyopic eyes than that in the mild amblyopic eyes,and the improving range of mean stereopsis in ametropic amblyopia was larger than that in anisometropic amblyopia (all at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Both perceptual learning based on cloud services and conventional therapy can improve stereopsis and visual acuity in amblyopic eyes.However,perceptual learning based on cloud services can improve the treating compliance of children.
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Objective To design and implement an Android -based medical chest system to realize informatized management of military medicine and equipment.Methods RFID tag was attached to the materials in the chest, and reading module with multiple antenna, Bluetooth module and responder were installed on the chest, Android-based PDA was developed to realize information communication.Results Trials proved that the system could perform auto classified management and precision locating of the materials in the chest, and could provide direction for medicine taking.Conclusion The system enhances the efficiency of the staff and ensures the accuracy and safety of medicine taking, and thus can be popularized in military hospitals.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Yinzhihuang oral liquid in the adjuvant treatment of neo-natal breast-feeding faundice. METHODS:112 newborns with faundice were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group stopped breast-feeding for 3 d and given artificial feeding,as well as keeping warm,nutritional support, maintaining water and electrolyte and acid-base balance,blue light irradiation and severe patients were given liver protection,en-zyme inducers;observation group was additionally given Yinzhihuang oral liquid 10 ml,twice a day. The treatment course was 7 d. Clinical efficacy,and serum total bilirubin(TBIL)level before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,Yinzhihuang oral liquid can be used in the adjuvant treatment of neonatal breast-feeding faundice,with good efficacy and good safety.
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BACKGROUND:Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury has been shown to exhibit gender difference, but its precise mechanisms deserve further investigations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential expression of microRNAs in the kidney between female and male mice in order to study the effects and mechanisms of microRNA in pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury between different genders. METHODS:Male and female mice received kidney ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion injury for 24 hours. Simultaneously, male and female sham surgery groups served as controls. The microRNA gene chip technology was used to detect the differences of microRNA expression in the kidney of male and female mice at 45 minutes after ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion as wel as after sham surgery. The threshold of difference in expression among samples was double. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Five microRNAs were up-regulated between female and male ischemia-reperfusion injury groups. Twenty-nine microRNAs differential y expressed in the female ischemia-reperfusion group and female sham surgery group, including 25 up-regulated microRNAs and 4 down-regulated microRNAs. Thirty-eight microRNAs differential y expressed in male ischemia-reperfusion injury group and male sham surgery group, including 9 up-regulated microRNAs and 29 down-regulated microRNAs. 102 microRNAs differential y expressed in the female sham surgery group and male sham surgery group, including 22 up-regulated microRNAs and 80 down-regulated microRNAs. Results suggested that there was differential expression in microRNAs in the kidney before and after renal ischemia-reperfusion in male and female mice. These differential y expressed microRNAs may be lead to different sensitivity and tolerance to the ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney of male and female mice.
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Employee motivation is to meet their needs and improve their productivity and work enthusiasm for the organization.Therefore,an accurate understanding of their needs is a prerequisite for the implementation of effective motivation.In view of this,we conducted a questionnaire survey of incentive factors for young medical staff at a public hospital.This study aimed at analyzing different incentive factors among medical staff with different seniority and job categories as well as their differences,in an effort to provide references for fine human resource management and motivation implementation at public hospitals.
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Objective To investigate the effects of miR-135a on HOXA10 expression,proliferation and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells.Methods (1) Through computer-aided algorithms,the predicted target gene of miR-135a (HOXA10)were determined.(2) miR-135a mimics,miR-135a inhibitor and negative control were transfected into SKOV3 cells,respectively.Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR,western blot analysis were used to examine the expression levels of HOXA10 at different times (24,48 and 72 hours).(3) A luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the direct regulation between miR-135a and HOXA10.(4) SKOV3 cells proliferation at different times (24,48 and 72 hours) was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay [quantified by absorbance(A)].Western blot was used to examine the expression of apoptosis-associated protein bcl-2,bax and caspase-3 in SKOV3 cells after 48 hours transfection.Results (1) HOXA10 was predicted to be the target gene of miR-135a by computer-aided algorithms.(2) RT-PCR shown that HOXA10 mRNA levels were decreased over time (24,48 and 72 hours) after miR-135a mimics transfectionin SKOV3 cells (0.94 ±0.04 vs 0.78 ±0.03 vs 0.70 ±0.03,P ＜0.05).While,the expression of HOXA10 mRNA was increased over time after miR-135a inhibitor transfection (1.14 ± 0.05 vs 1.16 ±0.03 vs 2.60 ±0.08,P ＜0.05).After transfected with miR-135a mimics or miR-135a inhibitor over 48 and 72 hours,the HOXA10 expression levels in SKOV3 cells were significantly lower or higher than each control group,respectively (all P ＜ 0.01).Western blot analysis of HOXA10 expression in SKOV3 cells confirmed the results of RT-PCR detected.(3) After cotransfection of miR-135a plasmid and pMIR-REPORT luciferase plasmid containing HOXA10,luciferase reporter assays showed that the luciferase activity reduced by 67.8％ (P ＜0.01).(4) MTT showed that SKOV3 cells growth after miR-135a mimics transfection for 48 and 72 hours were significantly lower than those in control group (0.38 ± 0.03 vs 0.52 ± 0.05,0.67 ±0.05 vs 0.75 ± 0.06 ; respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).While,SKOV3 cells transfected with miR-135a inhibitor for 72 hours grew significantly faster than that in control group (0.95 ± 0.05 vs 0.75 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.01).After miR-135a mimics transfection,the level of bcl-2 protein was significantly lower than that in control group (0.28 ±0.06 vs 0.76 ±0.09,P ＜0.01).The activity of caspase-3 was significantly higher than that in control group (115.0 ± 2.4 vs 95.4 ± 2.1,P ＜ 0.01).While,there was no statistical difference of bax expression (P =0.142).However,after miR-135a inhibitor transfection,the expression level of bcl-2 protein was significantly higher than that in control group (0.92 ± 0.03 vs 0.76 ± 0.09,P =0.037) and the activity of caspase-3 was significantly lower than that in control group (59.5 ± 4.1 vs 95.4 ± 2.1,P ＜ 0.01).There was also no statistical difference of bax expression (P =0.066).Conclusion miR-135a may play an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by regulating HOXA10 and its downstream pathways.
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BACKGROUND:A great development has been achieved in essential research on tissue engineered cartilage. However, its real application in otolaryngology has been rarely reported. It is faced with the topic to explore the simple and convenient method of repairing laryngeal cartilage by tissue engineering technique. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of porous spongy poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) seeded with chondrocytes or using senior tissue engineered cartilage in repairing al ogenic thyroid cartilage defects.METHODS:Chondrocytes at passage 3 were harvested from infant rabbits within 3 days. Porous spongy poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) seeded with chondrocytes composites were made by tissue engineering technique. The chondrocyte-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) composites were co-cultured in vitro to form junior tissue engineered cartilage. And then respectively used for repairing the thyroid cartilage defects and directly transplanted with junior tissue engineered cartilage (experimental group A, n=5), or firstly the junior tissue engineered cartilage to be implanted subcutaneously for a period of time to further maturity for relative senior tissue engineered cartilage and secondly to be transplanted (experimental group B, n=5) into adult New Zealand white rabbits. Simple poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) sponge scaffold (control group A, n=4) and chondrocyte suspensions(control group B, n=4) were used as reparative materials in defect areas as control groups. Final y, the reparative effect was respectively studied grossly and histological y at 4 weeks (experimental group B) and 8 weeks (experimental group A, control group A and control group B) after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cartilage defects were wel repaired in the experimental groups. It was smooth between the reparative area and original cartilage without dents and defects. Both were similar grossly. But few chondrocytes at interfacial region between the reparative area and original cartilage and poor matrices were observed in the experimental group A. A Few chondrocytes and more matrices were observed in the experimental group B. Inflammatory cellinfiltration was not obvious in two experimental groups. Control groups showed soft tissue of dark-red color accompanied with local concave in gross specimens. Histological examination and special staining showed there were no cartilage-like structure and secretion of matrix components. The results showed that it is possible to repair thyroid cartilage defect using junior tissue engineered cartilage directly or junior tissue engineered cartilage after in vitro implantation in al ograft rabbits with immunity, and the immunoreaction is not obvious;in the same period, the repairing effect of mature tissue engineered cartilage is better than that of junior tissue engineered cartilage. However, application of junior tissue engineered cartilage directly can save time, costs, workload and operational link, and avoid the pain from secondary skin surgery, which is one of the more practical approaches.
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OBJECTIVE@#To research the causes of postintubation vocal cord dyskinesia and its contributing factors.@*METHOD@#The causes of vocal cord dyskinesia were confirmed by laryngoscope, three-dimensional spiral CT, stroboscope, and the analysis of therapy. The factors relevant to the causes of vocal cord dyskinesia were analysed based on the following elements: (1) the anatomic or pathological condition of patients or the technical skills of anesthetists. (2) emaciated or obese body and neck. (3) the age of patients. (4) the duration of endotracheal tube retention. (5) the types of operations. (6) anesthesia procedure.@*RESULT@#Among 135 patients, 128 cases (94.81%) manifested arytenoid dislocation, 7 cases (5.19%) vocal cord paralysis. The study showed that the vocal cord dyskinesia associated with anatomic or pathological condition of patients and technical skills of anesthetists (with intubation difficulty) accounted for 76.30%. The patients with relative emaciated body or neck accounted for 90.62% in cases without intubation difficulty. Age had no significant analytical relationship with vocal cord dyskinesia. Prolonged intubation (endotracheal tube retention over 12 hours) was accounted for only 17.64%. The incidence of vocal cord dyskinesia was nearly 0.5% in patients underwent cardio-thoracic surgery, accounting for 59.26% of all the patients.@*CONCLUSION@#There are two major causes of vocal cord dyskinesia: arytenoid dislocation and vocal cord paralysis, and the rate of vocal cord dyskinesia could be reduced by the improvement of technical skill of anesthetists and/or sufficient attention to the intubation condition of patients.
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Intubation, Intratracheal , Laryngoscopes , Vocal Cord Paralysis , Vocal CordsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial cells (VEC) in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) Methods Twenty women with PIH (6 mild, and 14 moderate or severe PIH ) and 20 women with normal pregnancy were recruited as study group and control group, respectively The two groups were matched in maternal age, parity and gestational age Flow cytometer was used for counting the number of peripheral blood circulating endothelial cells (CEC), while enzyme linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentration of serum HGF Results In the study group, the concentration of HGF was (1395?512) ng/L, and the number of CEC was (109 360?24 070) /L In the control group, the concentration of HGF was (1565 ?399) ng/L, and the number of CEC was (21 800?4420)/L The differences both in the concentration of HGF and the number of CEC between the two groups were statistically significant ( P